Second-order Material Characterization
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β, the first nonlinear polarizability depends on molecular structure, environment and measurement frequency. There are several tools that help us characterize the materials. Hyper Rayleigh Scattering (HRS) Hyper Rayleigh Scattering (aka Harmonic Light Scattering) is one method for measuring β.
An incident laser generates a second harmonic signal, specifically the frequency double signal. This can be related to the beta of the sample using this formula:
- <math>\frac {I_{sample}} {I_{solvent}} = \frac {N_{sample} \langle \beta^2 _{sample} \rangle + N_{solvent} \rangle \beta^2_{solvent}} {N_{solvent} \rangle \beta^2_{solvent}}\,\!</math>
See also Density Functional Theory
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