Difference between revisions of "Acronyms and Unit Abbreviations"

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|hydrogenated amorphous silicon
|hydrogenated amorphous silicon
|-
|-
|AM |air mass
|AM  
|air mass
|-
|-
|ASF |Anderson, Schultz, and Flory
|AMOLED
|Active Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Displays
|-
|-
|BOS balance of system
|AO
|All-Optical
|-
|-
|CB conduction band
|AOS
|All-Optical Switching
|-
|-
|CHP combined heat and power
|AOS
|All-Optical Signal Processing
|-
|-
|COP coefficient of performance
|ASF
|Anderson, Schultz, and Flory
|-
|-
|CPV concentrated photovoltaic
|BOS
|balance of system
|-
|-
|dc direct current
|CB
|conduction band
|-
|-
|DNI direct normal irradiation
|CHP
|combined heat and power
|-
|-
|DOE U.S. Department of Energy
|COP
|coefficient of performance
|-
|-
|EFG edge-defined film-fed growth
|CPV
|concentrated photovoltaic
|-
|-
|EIA Energy Information Administration
|dc
|direct current
|-
|-
|EPV electrochemical photovoltaic
|DFT
|Density functional theory
|-
|-
|HCPV high-concentration photovoltaic
|DNI
|direct normal irradiation
|-
|-
|HHV higher heating value
|ECL
|Electrogenerated chemiluminescence
|-
|-
|IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
|EFG
|edge-defined film-fed growth
|-
|-
|IR infrared
|EIA
|Energy Information Administration
|-
|-
|ITO Indium Tin Oxide
|EO
|Electro-optic
|-
|-
|LH1/LH2 light-harvesting pigment/protein complexes
|EPV
|electrochemical photovoltaic
|-
|-
|MBE molecular beam epitaxy
|ETL
|Electron Injection/Transport Layer
|-
|-
|MEG multiple exciton generation
|HCPV
|high-concentration photovoltaic
|-
|-
|MESP minimum ethanol selling price
|HHV
|higher heating value
|-
|-
|MOCVD metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
|HRS
|Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering
|-
|-
|NAE National Academy of Engineering
|IR
|infrared
|-
|-
|NHE normal hydrogen electrode
|ITO
|[[indium tin oxide]]
|-
|-
|NRC National Research Council
|IZO
|Indium Zinc Oxide
|-
|-
|OEC oxygen-evolving complex
|LC
|Liquid crystal
|-
|-
|OLED organic light emitting diode
|LE
|Luminous Efficiency
|-
|-
|OPV organic photovoltaic (solar cell)
|LH1/LH2
|light-harvesting pigment/protein complexes
|-
|-
|PCET proton-coupled electron transfer
|MBE
|molecular beam epitaxy
|-
|-
|PCM phase change storage material
|MEG
|multiple exciton generation
|-
|-
|PEC photoelectrochemical
|MESP
|minimum ethanol selling price
|-
|-
|PEM proton exchange membrane
|MOCVD
|metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
|-
|-
|PRD priority research directions
|MZI
|Mach-Zehnder Interferometer
|-
|-
|PV photovoltaic
|NAE
|National Academy of Engineering
|-
|-
|R&D research and development
|Nd:Yag
|Neodymium doped Ytrium aluminum garnet- a type of laser
|-
|-
|RC reaction center
|NHE
|normal hydrogen electrode
|-
|-
|TCO transparent conducting oxide
|NIR
|Near Infrared
|-
|-
|TMS theoretical modeling and simulation
|NLO
|Non-linear optics
|-
|-
|TPV thermophotovoltaic
|NRC
|National Research Council
|-
|-
|U.S. United States
|OEC
|oxygen-evolving complex
|-
|-
|UV ultraviolet
|OFET
|Organic field effect transistor
|-
|-
|XAFS X-ray absorption fine-structure (spectroscopy)
|OLED
|organic light emitting diode
|-
|-
|ZT thermoelectric figure of merit
|OPV
|organic photovoltaic (solar cell)
|-
|PCET
|proton-coupled electron transfer
|-
|PC
|Photonic crystal
|-
|PCM
|phase change storage material
|-
|PEC
|photoelectrochemical
|-
|PEM
|proton exchange membrane
|-
|PET
|Polyethylene terephthalate
|-
|PMMA
|Polymethylmethacrylate
|-
|PPV
|Polyphenylvinylene
|-
|PRD
|priority research directions
|-
|PT
|polythiophene
|-
|PV
|photovoltaic
|-
|R&D
|research and development
|-
|RC
|reaction center
|-
|SAML
|Self-assembled monolayers
|-
|SHG
|Second Harmonic Generation
|-
|SLO
|Spatial Light Modulation
|-
|TCO
|transparent conducting oxide
|-
|TCNL
|Thermochemical Nanolithography
|-
|TFT
|Thin-Film Transistor
|-
|THG
|Third Harmonic Generation
|-
|TM
|Transverse Mode
|-
|TMS
|theoretical modeling and simulation
|-
|TPA
|[[Two Photon Absorption]]
|-
|TPF
|Two Photon Fluoresence
|-
|TPV
|thermophotovoltaic
|-
|UPS
|Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy
|-
|U.S.
|United States
|-
|UV
|ultraviolet
|-
|WOLED
|White organic light-emitting diode
|-
|XAFS
|X-ray absorption fine-structure (spectroscopy)
|-
|XPS
|X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
|-
|ZT  
|thermoelectric figure of merit
|}
 
== Variables and Constants ==
 
 
=== Common ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Symbol
! Meaning
|-
|c   
|speed of light (c = 299,792,458 m/s  approx 3 x 10<sup>6</sup>m/s)
|-
|&nu;
|frequency
|-
|h
|planck's constant (h = 6.62606896x 10<sup>-34</sup> J s = 4.135667 x 10<sup>-15</sup>eV s)
|-
|&lambda;
|wavelength (visible spectrum is 400-700nm)
|}
 
=== Absorption and Emission ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Symbol
! Meaning
|-
|&epsilon;
|extinction coefficient of a molecule
|-
|&Phi;
|quantum yield
|-
|&Psi;
|wave function
|}
 
=== EO Properties ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Symbol
! Meaning
|-
|&mu;
|dipole moment (mu) measured in debyes
|-
|&alpha;
|linear polarizability (alpha)
|-
|&beta;
|first order hyperpolarizability (microscopic) (beta)
|-
|cos<sup>3</sup>&theta;
|order parameter
|-
|&delta;
|[[Two photo cross section]] measured in  Goppert-Mayer units (GM), with 1 GM=1×10<sup>-50</sup> cm<sup>4</sup> s molecules<sup>−1</sup> photon<sup>−1</sup> >100gm is high.)
|-
|<i>r</i>
|Pockels coefficient or Linear Electo-optic Cofficient [[Second-order_Processes#Kerr_and_Pockels_Effects | Pockels Effect]] r~ 10<sup>-12</sup> – 1<sup>—10</sup> m/V
|-
|<i>r</i><sub>33</sub>
|[[Electro-optic cofficient]]  (chi 33)(FM= 1000 pm/V)
|-
|&chi;<sup>2</sup>
|[[second-order nonlinear susceptiblity]] (first order hyperpolarizability) (macroscopic)
|-
|&chi;<sup>3</sup>
|[[third-order nonlinear susceptiblity]] (second order hyperpolarizability) (macroscopic) (alpha)(FM= 6-7 x 10<sup>-21</sup>(m/V)<sup>2</sup>)
|-
|&epsilon;
|dielectric constant or relative static permittivity
|-
|M
|Transition dipole moment (measured in debyes)
|-
|N
|Number Density parameter
|-
|&phi;<sub>fl</sub>
|[[Fluoresence Quantum Yield]] a ratio of photons absorbed over photons emitted
|-
|&sigma;
|[[conductivity]] (measured in S (Siemens)/cm
|-
|t
|the electronic coupling, transfer integral or resonance integral
|-
|v<sub>&pi;</sub>
|[[half-wave driving voltage]]
|}
 
=== Devices ===
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Symbol
! Meaning
|-
|&alpha;
|material loss in dB/cm
|-
|d
|electrode separation
|-
|&Gamma;
|optical electrical overlap
|-
|&lambda;
|reorganization energy
|-
|&mu;
|charge mobility in cm<sup>2</sup> / V s- a mobility >1 is considered good
|}
|}


== Units ==
== Units ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Abbreviation
! Unit
|- 
|°C
|degree(s) Celsius
|- 
|$/kW
|dollar(s) per kilowatt
|- 
|μm
|micrometer(s)
|- 
|μs
|microsecond(s)
|- 
|Å
|angstrom(s) (10<sup>-10</sup>m)
|- 
|amp
|ampere(s)
|- 
|as
|attaseconds- one quintillionth of a second
|-
|Bbl
|billion barrels
|- 
|cm
|centimeter(s)
|- 
|cm/min
|centimeter(s) per minute
|- 
|eV
|electron volt(s)
|- 
|fs
|femptosecond(s)
|- 
|gal
|gallon(s)
|- 
|Gha
|gigahectare(s)
|- 
|GJ
|gigajoule(s)
|- 
|Gtons
|gigatons (109 tons = 1 billion tons)
|- 
|GW
|gigawatt(s) (109 W = 1 billion watts)
|- 
|kg
|kilogram(s)
|- 
|kWh
|kilowatt hour(s)
|- 
|kWth
|kilowatt(s) (thermal)
|- 
|K
|Kelvin
|- 
|L
|liter(s)
|- 
|MHz
|megahertz
|- 
|mm
|millimeter(s)
|- 
|MW
|megawatt(s) (106 W = 1 million watts)
|- 
|MWe
|megawatt(s) (electric)
|- 
|MWth
|megawatt(s) (thermal)
|- 
|MW/yr
|megawatt(s) per year
|- 
|nm
|nanometer(s)
|- 
|nm/s
|nanometer(s) per second
|- 
|ps
|picosecond(s)
|- 
|psi
|pound(s) per square inch
|- 
|s
|second(s)
|- 
|TW
|terawatt(s) (1012 W = 1 trillion watts)
|- 
|W
|watt(s)
|- 
|Wp
|peak watt(s)
|- 
|yr
|year(s)
|}


== Agencies, Programs and Institutions ==


°C degree(s) Celsius
{| class="wikitable"
$/kW dollar(s) per kilowatt
|-
μm micrometer(s)
!  ACRONYMS
μs microsecond(s)
!  Meaning
Å angstrom(s)
|-
amp ampere(s)
|DOE
Bbl billion barrels
|Department of Energy
cm centimeter(s)
|-
cm/min centimeter(s) per minute
|IPCC
eV electron volt(s)
|Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
fs femtosecond(s)
|-
gal gallon(s)
|NSDL
Gha gigahectare(s)
|National Science Digital Library aka  National STEM Distributed Learning
GJ gigajoule(s)
|}
Gtons gigatons (109 tons = 1 billion tons)
GW gigawatt(s) (109 W = 1 billion watts)
kg kilogram(s)
kWh kilowatt hour(s)
kWth kilowatt(s) (thermal)
K Kelvin
L liter(s)
MHz megahertz
mm millimeter(s)
MW megawatt(s) (106 W = 1 million watts)
MWe megawatt(s) (electric)
MWth megawatt(s) (thermal)
MW/yr megawatt(s) per year
nm nanometer(s)
nm/s nanometer(s) per second
ps picosecond(s)
psi pound(s) per square inch
s second(s)
TW terawatt(s) (1012 W = 1 trillion watts)
W watt(s)
Wp peak watt(s)
yr year(s)

Latest revision as of 14:27, 3 September 2009

Acronymns

ACRONYMS Meaning
a-Si:H hydrogenated amorphous silicon
AM air mass
AMOLED Active Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Displays
AO All-Optical
AOS All-Optical Switching
AOS All-Optical Signal Processing
ASF Anderson, Schultz, and Flory
BOS balance of system
CB conduction band
CHP combined heat and power
COP coefficient of performance
CPV concentrated photovoltaic
dc direct current
DFT Density functional theory
DNI direct normal irradiation
ECL Electrogenerated chemiluminescence
EFG edge-defined film-fed growth
EIA Energy Information Administration
EO Electro-optic
EPV electrochemical photovoltaic
ETL Electron Injection/Transport Layer
HCPV high-concentration photovoltaic
HHV higher heating value
HRS Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering
IR infrared
ITO indium tin oxide
IZO Indium Zinc Oxide
LC Liquid crystal
LE Luminous Efficiency
LH1/LH2 light-harvesting pigment/protein complexes
MBE molecular beam epitaxy
MEG multiple exciton generation
MESP minimum ethanol selling price
MOCVD metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
MZI Mach-Zehnder Interferometer
NAE National Academy of Engineering
Nd:Yag Neodymium doped Ytrium aluminum garnet- a type of laser
NHE normal hydrogen electrode
NIR Near Infrared
NLO Non-linear optics
NRC National Research Council
OEC oxygen-evolving complex
OFET Organic field effect transistor
OLED organic light emitting diode
OPV organic photovoltaic (solar cell)
PCET proton-coupled electron transfer
PC Photonic crystal
PCM phase change storage material
PEC photoelectrochemical
PEM proton exchange membrane
PET Polyethylene terephthalate
PMMA Polymethylmethacrylate
PPV Polyphenylvinylene
PRD priority research directions
PT polythiophene
PV photovoltaic
R&D research and development
RC reaction center
SAML Self-assembled monolayers
SHG Second Harmonic Generation
SLO Spatial Light Modulation
TCO transparent conducting oxide
TCNL Thermochemical Nanolithography
TFT Thin-Film Transistor
THG Third Harmonic Generation
TM Transverse Mode
TMS theoretical modeling and simulation
TPA Two Photon Absorption
TPF Two Photon Fluoresence
TPV thermophotovoltaic
UPS Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy
U.S. United States
UV ultraviolet
WOLED White organic light-emitting diode
XAFS X-ray absorption fine-structure (spectroscopy)
XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
ZT thermoelectric figure of merit

Variables and Constants

Common

Symbol Meaning
c speed of light (c = 299,792,458 m/s approx 3 x 106m/s)
ν frequency
h planck's constant (h = 6.62606896x 10-34 J s = 4.135667 x 10-15eV s)
λ wavelength (visible spectrum is 400-700nm)

Absorption and Emission

Symbol Meaning
ε extinction coefficient of a molecule
Φ quantum yield
Ψ wave function

EO Properties

Symbol Meaning
μ dipole moment (mu) measured in debyes
α linear polarizability (alpha)
β first order hyperpolarizability (microscopic) (beta)
cos3θ order parameter
δ Two photo cross section measured in Goppert-Mayer units (GM), with 1 GM=1×10-50 cm4 s molecules−1 photon−1 >100gm is high.)
r Pockels coefficient or Linear Electo-optic Cofficient Pockels Effect r~ 10-12 – 1—10 m/V
r33 Electro-optic cofficient (chi 33)(FM= 1000 pm/V)
χ2 second-order nonlinear susceptiblity (first order hyperpolarizability) (macroscopic)
χ3 third-order nonlinear susceptiblity (second order hyperpolarizability) (macroscopic) (alpha)(FM= 6-7 x 10-21(m/V)2)
ε dielectric constant or relative static permittivity
M Transition dipole moment (measured in debyes)
N Number Density parameter
φfl Fluoresence Quantum Yield a ratio of photons absorbed over photons emitted
σ conductivity (measured in S (Siemens)/cm
t the electronic coupling, transfer integral or resonance integral
vπ half-wave driving voltage

Devices

Symbol Meaning
α material loss in dB/cm
d electrode separation
Γ optical electrical overlap
λ reorganization energy
μ charge mobility in cm2 / V s- a mobility >1 is considered good

Units

Abbreviation Unit
°C degree(s) Celsius
$/kW dollar(s) per kilowatt
μm micrometer(s)
μs microsecond(s)
Å angstrom(s) (10-10m)
amp ampere(s)
as attaseconds- one quintillionth of a second
Bbl billion barrels
cm centimeter(s)
cm/min centimeter(s) per minute
eV electron volt(s)
fs femptosecond(s)
gal gallon(s)
Gha gigahectare(s)
GJ gigajoule(s)
Gtons gigatons (109 tons = 1 billion tons)
GW gigawatt(s) (109 W = 1 billion watts)
kg kilogram(s)
kWh kilowatt hour(s)
kWth kilowatt(s) (thermal)
K Kelvin
L liter(s)
MHz megahertz
mm millimeter(s)
MW megawatt(s) (106 W = 1 million watts)
MWe megawatt(s) (electric)
MWth megawatt(s) (thermal)
MW/yr megawatt(s) per year
nm nanometer(s)
nm/s nanometer(s) per second
ps picosecond(s)
psi pound(s) per square inch
s second(s)
TW terawatt(s) (1012 W = 1 trillion watts)
W watt(s)
Wp peak watt(s)
yr year(s)

Agencies, Programs and Institutions

ACRONYMS Meaning
DOE Department of Energy
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
NSDL National Science Digital Library aka National STEM Distributed Learning
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